Organizational behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational behavior - Essay Example Motivation has always been considered a stronghold of the human resources department but lately organizations have realized that line managers are constantly in contact with the employees and for most of the employees, their immediate superiors represent the management of the company (Brewster & Larsen 1992). If these managers have the responsibility and authority to control and reward the employees directly under them, it could enhance productivity and effectively work out better for the organization. The personnel specialists have practically negligible interactions with the employers and it is felt that line managers are appropriate to handle the issues relating to staff under them. They are suitable to motivate and being out the best from the staff. Motivation to work can come from external factors or from within. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the physiological needs have to be satisfied for an individual to be motivated to work for the next need. In this hierarchy the self-actualization arises when all other needs have been satisfied. According to Herzberg two factors act upon the motivation of employees – the hygiene factors and the motivators. Hygienes are the intrinsic entities while motivators are intrinsic (Tietjen & Myers, 1998). According to Herzberg motivators cause positive job attitudes because they satisfy the workers need for self-actualization, which according to Maslow is the need for self-actualization, which is an individual’s ultimate goal. These motivators include recognition, achievement, growth prospects, responsibility and the work itself. Most employees are not clear about the roles and responsibilities, no role clarity, which leads to no satisfaction of job as the motivators according to Herzberg (cited by Tietjen & Myers, 1998) are not present. These factors can have a lasting impression on worker’s attitude,

Personality Differences of Adolescents with Working Mothers

Personality Differences of Adolescents with Working Mothers Research proposal on A comparative study on personality of adolescents between working and non working mother in Bangladesh Shinthia parvin SUMMARY The present study will conduct to investigate whether there will any difference in personality of adolescence between working or non-working mother in Bangladesh. For this purpose 100 students will take from different areas of Dhaka city where 50 students mother is housewife and 50 students mother is working women. Each of the group will match regarding their age, educational qualification and socio-economic status. The information will collect through two questionnaire (1) questionnaire for participants’ personal information and (2) Eysenck personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The age group of the participants was between 12 to 18 years. The statistical treatment of the data will do by t-test. The hypotheses of this research assumed that â€Å" there are differences in personality of adolescence between working or non- working mother,†indicating there would be a difference among the four dimension of the personality like Extraversion (E) ,neuroticism (N) , Psychoticism (P) , and Lie scale (L) , in the two groups. Introduction Adolescence is the period of life from late childhood until physical growth is relatively complete and also marks the beginning of early adulthood. Age 13 through 16 is considered early adolescence and 17 through 21 is late adolescence (Wolman, 1989). The term adolescence is commonly used to describe the transitional stage of physical and psychological development between childhood and adulthood. There is no one scientific definition of adolescence or set age boundary. There is a key development change that nearly all adolescents experience during their transition from childhood to adulthood. This time frame, however, not only describes a very diverse reality, but adolescence varies considerably across cultures, over time, and within individuals (Kaplan, 2004). Personality is dynamic which depends on organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his or her unique adjustment to his environment .personality is what a man really is (Allport,1975) .Personality can be defined as the unique pattern of behavioral and mental processes that characterize an individual and the individual’s interactions with the environment (Crider others, 1993). Each man is individual to the dimensions of personality. Because of this difference in personality some women wanted only to look after their family and some women wanted to engage in work outside of their home. Veroff and fello (1970) mentioned that the aim of the women who have professional values are education and working life, whereas the aim of the family related house women are marriage and bringing up their children. French and lesses (1964) have shown in their research that the ancient mentality based on women who Have definite goals demonstrate good skill when they play their role as a wife and as a mother. Majority of Bangladeshi women play a role as a housewife more than a working women, but the women who are residing in the cities are beginning to establish their own profession. Huq (1981) has shown in a research that 55% of working women in the town are the principle earning person of the family, 20% work for filling up the shortage of each other’s income, 6% work to pass their time, 12% work for utilizing their education and 4% work for enjoying their freedom through their profession. Yet, most of the women are still housewives and the numbers of working women are less in number. Bangladeshi society considers motherhood the most desirable role for the women. And family responsibilities are more important for women than careers (Khan Amanullah ),1998 . Miller (1975) saw that a mother’s job creates a negative influence on their child. Traditionally Bangladeshi women work within the family structure. The working women have to work both within the family and in their work place. So it creates more stress on them. It can also affect children‘s life. Islam Rahman (1991) found that the housewife mothers make their children more dependent than working mothers and they become more protective of their female child than of their male child and encourages the male child to develop their language skill .on the other hand, a working mother makes their male child more dependent than their female child and greatly influence them to develop their language skill .The hypothesis of this research assumed that â€Å"there are differences in personality of adolescents between working and non-working mother†, indicating there would be a difference among four dimensions of the personality like Extraversion (E), Neuroticism (N), psychoticism (P), and Lie scale (L), in the two groups. Aims The aim of this research project is to à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Understand adolescent’s personality. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Investigate there will any differences in personality of adolescents between working and non-working mother. Justification/Rationale Adolescence is a very critical and transitional period of life span of a person. In that time, adolescents have to cope with their physical, social, psychological changes; that is why they have to face a lot of stressful situation such as family, school and peer group pressure which effect their life. Sometimes, adolescents may fall down from their mainstream because of anger, life stress, and lack of consciousness which is threatening to their development. The findings of the study will be helpful to understand the status of personality of the adolescents. The study would have some applied values and the study would give new knowledge about personality and its related of other problems of adolescence period. Therefore, this study will help us to provide such information which is very essential for mental health workers, psychologists, sociologists, governments, NGOs and policy makers to take effective steps to facilitate adolescent development. Method Participants 50 working women’s child and 50 non-working women’s child will take as a sample of the present research. The samples will collect from different places of Dhaka city. The age range of the student will between 12 to 18 years. Their educational qualifications will from class vii to HSC level. The professions of the working mother will school teacher, college teacher, government service holder, doctor, nurse, and banker. Instruments Two types of questionnaire will use. First a demographic questionnaire will give to get the personal information of the participants like age, educational qualification, socioeconomic status, monthly family income, etc. The second questionnaire will Eyesenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) Bengali version(translated standardized byRahman in 1980). EPQ contained one hundred and one items. Both questionnaires will give to the participants individually. Procedure The sample will collect from the different areas of Dhaka city. In this study two types of questionnaire will use, at first questionnaire will be given to collect participants personal information and EPQ is the self-directed questionnaire. Before responding the participants will assure that full confidentiality will be maintained. The participants will answer the questions by circling the ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answer. For each positive item, score 1 indicates ‘yes’ and 0 for ‘no’. Reverse scoring will use for the negative items. The sums of the scores of all items will the total score of the scale for an individual.

Technological Determinism and Modern Ideology :: Sociology Technology Essays

Technological Determinism and Modern Ideology As technology becomes increasingly advanced and literacy becomes increasingly tied to one’s use and access to technology, many questions arise about the availability of this technology. New technologies continue to develop, especially those that directly pertain to literacy or writing. The biggest problem, however, is the problem of access. Is there opportunity for equal access? When looking at computers and the Internet, this seems to be a large problem. Even with an older technology, like the telephone, many people are without access. Although there are around 600 million telephones in the world, two-thirds of the world’s population still do not use these telephones or do not have access to them (Gergen 15). So how does technological determinism affect our social ideology? Or does our social ideology affect technological determinism? I think that it works both ways. There are negative possibilities for all new technology, just as there are positive ones. Technological determinism, as defined by George Rodman is â€Å"a theory that states that the introduction of new technology changes society, sometimes in unexpected ways† (40). He goes on to tell that after the introduction of printing, our culture shifted from an oral one to one driven by writing and literacy. The coming of the â€Å"digital age† could have a similar effect. As a science fiction writer and proponent of various technologies, Douglas Adams is asked about this subject quite often: Over the last few years I’ve regularly been cornered by nervous publishers or broadcasters or journalists or filmmakers and asked about how I think computers will affect their various industries†¦But it’s a hard question to answer because it’s based on a faulty model. It’s like trying to explain to the Amazon River, the Mississippi, the Congo, and the Nile how the coming of the Atlantic Ocean will affect them. The first thing to understand is that river rules will no longer apply (117). Obviously, the advent of computers as a tool of literacy will have a huge impact on the face of literacy as it stands right now. Technological determinism seems inevitable, but the effects of the impending technologies are not as easy to predict. Depending on our society’s view of the emerging technology, it could either be used to bridge the cultural gap that exists between the income levels in our society, or to widen it.

Independent Reading Reflection

Over the summer I read five books for a total of 1308 pages. I read three fiction novels and two realistic fiction novels. For me one of my favorite books was the Dear John by Nicholas Sparks, which I had been wanting to read and finally got around to it. Right from the start of the book, you could tell it would be a summer love story, but what I didn’t realize was how much you could feel just by how Nicholas Sparks described their feelings. As John went off to Germany for war, I could feel Savannah’s sadness and fear as she thought this could be the last time she could see him alive. Not to mention how hurt John was to come home to find Savannah happily married and moved on with a new life. Overall, I loved how descriptive Dear John was and how you could feel like you were falling in love, just like them. Even though his books are usually stereotypical, The Choice also by Nicholas Sparks was a great book I read this summer. Instead of summer romance, this time it was forbidden love. When neighbors Travis and Gabby start off with a heated argument, Gabby soon finds herself with a strange attraction to the fun-loving, wild Travis. One problem, she has a boyfriend, Kevin, whom she now has to choose between him and Travis as her love for him grows more and more. I loved this book because like Dear John, it had a love story but instead, it started out with hatred and disapproval of each other but slowly grew to their love. Also in The Choice, Nicholas Sparks used great description of feelings and sights. For example, parasailing high above the sound he described exactly what they saw and felt and I felt like I were right there with them a hundred feet above the water too. I can’t leave out that first night they met; Gabby was fuming at Travis when she thought his dog got her perfect, purebred collie pregnant. Not to mention the night Travis first kissed her and she suddenly thought what life could be like with Travis, instead of Kevin. I chose Dear John and The Choice as my favorite books from this summer because they both had great description and plot lines, even if you could somewhat predict the ending . I love when I can picture everything that is going on in a book and remember almost every detail, and these both did that for me.

Septoplasty Research Paper

Surgical Procedure Card – Student Case Study # 9 Efren Gonzalez date 4/18/12 Procedure name and purpose/ definition: Septoplasty / bilateral tonsillectomy. ;is a corrective surgical procedure done to straighten the nasal septum. ; surgical procedure in which the tonsils are removed from either side of the throat. What is the prognosis of the procedure? to give a good breathing passage. and to stop inflammation of the tonsils Patient level : adultGender : female Additional pertinent patient/ procedure information: n/a Probable preoperative diagnosis ; Nasal septal deviation ; Tonsillitis Diagnostic intervention ; diviated nasal septal. Discuss the relevant anatomy and physiology;septum – made up primarily of cartilage and bone and covered by mucous membranes. The cartilage also gives shape and support to the outer part of the nose. The nose is the major portal of air exchange between the internal and external environment.The nose participates in the vital functions of co nditioning inspired air toward a temperature of 37 °C and 100% relative humidity, providing local defense and filtering inhaled particulate matter and gases. It also functions in olfaction, which provides both a defense and pleasure for the individual Pathophysiology (disease process). disrupted sleep patterns, headaches List the equipment that will be needed for this procedure: forced air warming device , valley lab bovie, sitting stool, fiber optic headlight,List the instrument pans/sets used: nasal procedures tray, microdrill, endoscopic. list the supplies that will be needed for the procedure. pack =sinus pack blades=#15, drains= penrose 1/4 x 18 (but did not see it on the field used) suture= 3-0 nylon suture, 4-0 vicryl basin set= single drapes=, 1/2 sheet , adhesive strip across the forehead. U drape dressings= 4Ãâ€"4, pharmaceuticals = NS for irrigation 1000cc, lidocaine 0. 5%, epinephrine 1%, lidocaine with epinephrine 1:1 miscellaneous= pens Anesthesia ; GeneralList pati ent’s position and items used for positioning ; supine with pillow under knees. arm resting to her sides. Where razors and clippers used preoperatively : no List the prep solution and perimeters of the skin prep. : Duraprep the eternal nose and face, extend the prep from the hairline to the shoulders and down to the table at the sides of the neck. list the order in which drapes will be placed: towel, 1/2 sheet , U drape incision : hemitransfixion incision, counts when performed ? before surgery, and after specimens: tonsill , and septumPostoperative patient care considerations; pain medication , no lifting , no running potential complications ; bleeding , infection , difficult breathing wound classification; clean contaminated class 2 24. The patient was placed on the operating room table in the supine position. After adequate general endotracheal anesthesia was administered, the right and left nasal septal mucosa and right and left inferior turbinates were anesthetized with 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine using approximately 10 mL. Afrin-soaked pledgets were placed in the nasal cavity bilaterally.The face was prepped with pHisoHex and draped in a sterile fashion. A hemitransfixion incision was performed on the left with a #15 blade and submucoperichondrial and mucoperiosteal flap was raised with the Cottle elevator. Anterior to the septal deflection, the septal cartilage was incised and an opposite-sided submucoperichondrial and mucoperiosteal flap was raised with the Cottle elevator. The deviated portion of the nasal septal cartilage and bone was removed with a Takahashi forceps, and a large inferior septal spur was removed with a V-chisel.Once the septum was reduced in the midline, the hemitransfixion incision was closed with a 4-0 Vicryl in an interrupted fashion ( note, using a heaney needle holder with tissue with teeth, and suture finished off with a metzenbuam scissor). The right and left inferior turbinates were trimmed in a submucous f ashion using straight and curved turbinate scissors under direct visualization with a 4 mm 0 degree Storz endoscope. Hemostasis was acquired by using suction electrocautery.The turbinates were then covered with bacitracin ointment after cauterizing them and bacitracin ointment soaked Doyle splints were placed in the right and left nares and secured anteriorly to the columella with a 3-0 nylon suture ( note, using a heaney needle holder with tissue with teeth, and suture finished off with a metzenbuam scissor). A butter knife was inserted and turned 360 in the nose to check if the patient has enough space to allow for breathing. The table was then turned. A shoulder roll placed under the shoulders and the face was draped in a clean fashion.A McIvor mouth gag was applied. The tongue was retracted and the McIvor was gently suspended from the Mayo stand. The left tonsil was grasped with a curved Allis forceps, retracted medially, and the anterior tonsillar pillar was incised with Bovie electrocautery. The tonsil was removed from the superior pole to inferior pole using a Bovie electrocautery in its entirety in a subcapsular fashion. The right tonsil was grasped with a curved allis, in a similar fashion, retracted medially, and the anterior tonsillar pillar was incised with Bovie electrocautery.The tonsil was removed from the superior pole to inferior pole using Bovie electrocautery in its entirety in a subcapsular fashion. The inferior, middle, and superior pole vessels were further cauterized with suction electrocautery. The extremely edematous portion of soft palate was resected using a right angle clamp and right angle scissor and was closed with 3-0 Vicryl in a figure-of-eight interrupted fashion , ( note, using a heaney needle holder with tissue with teeth, and suture finished off with a metzenbuam scissor).Copious saline irrigation of the oral cavity was then performed. There was no further identifiable bleeding at the termination of the procedure. The estim ated blood loss was less than 10 mL. The patient was extubated in the operating room, brought to the recovery room in satisfactory condition. There were no intraoperative complications. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=kUOAhZOkgEg http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=1gnxNgP8xO4

Synthesis essay Essays

Synthesis essay Essays Synthesis essay Essay Synthesis essay Essay Although it does not mean that if children eat doughnuts they will literally turn into one but may cause them to feel sluggish. Eating healthier foods allows one to feel better than if junk food was eaten. As a result of eating mass amounts of junk food, people are seeing the repercussions in their children. With an attempt to end childhood obesity, parents have been pushing for the government to become involved through improved Options to eat in schools, tighter control Of the F-DAD, providing more ways for people to become educated on what they are eating, and cheaper options to get healthy food. Due to the increase in childhood obesity along with the poor quality of food offered at schools and to the lower class, the American Government has the responsibility to intensify its role in keeping people healthy in order to counteract obesity and keep its citizens healthy. The issue of obesity is rapidly increasing as it is seriously affecting children, triggering parents to promote government intervention. Defined as goods lacking nutritional value, junk food has become prevalent in schools. Recently Michelle Obama has begun to increase schools promotion of healthy alternatives to junk food snacks and hot lunch meals. She explained her stance on schools roles in promoting healthier living by saying, The idea here is simple-?our classrooms should be healthy places where kids arent bombarded with ads for junk food. Synthesis Essay Introduction Television in the contemporary society is associated with all the societal evils as some assume that it has abetted the corruption of morals in society. This is true from a single perspective. However, television has been a means of showing the world of the societal changes all of which are attributable to modernization. Discussion Neil Postman is considered as vocally aggressive in his writing, in Amusing Ourselves to Death as part of a dedicated issue on media ecology. He is of the view that television entertainment is merely a modern day â€Å"soma† whereby the consumers’ rights are forgone for exchange of entertainment (Postman, 1985). Essentially, he is of the view that television is only limited to certain ideas. As he states, â€Å"forms excludes content†, he elaborates that a medium can sustain only a defined level of ideas. He illustrates by print typography, which he defines as society’s rational argument, which is different in entirety from television medium. Hence societal aspects such as religion and politics are reduced to mere â€Å"news of the day† by the various media and specifically the television (Postman, 1985). Such elements are reduced to mere commodities, which are packaged and sold via the television screens. Hence, information depicted in television as news is biased and placed in favor of satisfaction of the consumer needs. Thus, television has played a significant role in the depreciation of quality of information aimed at the views merely due to the need to give consumers what is assuming instead of what is essential to the consumers. From the writing, it is evident that the quality of information has been replaced by the need to satisfy the entertainment needs of consumers. According to Postman, television news have assumed positions as entertainment programs given their themes, interruption by commercials, music, individuals who are sociable and beautiful aimed at captivating the audience. The visual images are also used to market lifestyles led by the people in the television companies. This is evidenced by political quest whereby individuals assume power because of their ability to present themselves on television programs and talk shows (Postman, 1985). Quayle agrees with Postman on various aspects in relation to the effects of television on society. He agrees that the modern television news is simply a new form of entertainment. However, he adds that he has contrasted opinions about the medium that is television. In essence, Quayle is right, as he states that media has evolved into a different form of contemporary media in comparison to what Postman defined as media and specifically television media. He agrees with Postman that the increase in entertainment has resulted in a subsequent increase in what could be considered as â€Å"junk† programs (Quayle, 2009). He adds that television could not support public discourse in entirety, but some aspects of television according to him have the potency to result into great public discourse. He differentiates his argument from that posed by Postman as separated by the word â€Å"all† in reference to television programs. He states that not all programs are insufficient is the propagation of public discourse. This is according to Qualley is evidenced by the numerous shows aired simultaneously by the various cable networks which contain public discourse such as business shows, speeches by presidents and politicians. Such television programs are not what could be defined as entertainment as they aired with the aim of propagating public discourse. He also gives evidence of the recent financial crisis television airings. These television news could not be termed as aimed at merely entertaining the audience but were solely meant for educational and informative purposes to the audience (Quayle, 2009). Television has aided greatly in the various public discourses such as improving the economic knowledge of society through business shows and cable news channels. Technology has also played a significant role in the evolution of television and its role in the propagation of public discourse. Products such as technology-based gadgets like smartphones have enabled increased access to television material across the world (Quayle, 2009). He however, tends to agree on the idea that television programming is getting worse in the contemporary society in comparison to the past. It is getting worse in the context of propagating information and entertainment to consumers or audience. Thus for ecology of media to be substantiated according to Qualley it must be dynamic in nature given the high rate of communication and evolution of the same. This is due to the need to keep up with the changes present in the various communicators used in the media world. He essentially assumes a point of duality while relating to the issues brought forth by Postman. He accepts the rapid changes in the media world and specifically in the television world. On the other hand, he states that media has some positive aspects such as the propagation of public discourse (Quayle, 2009). Paul Grabowicz states that a majority of journalists in the world of media assumed the profession because of the passion for storytelling. Hence, they were all drawn by the need to provide entertainment and not to provide information to the audience. He indicates that the audience is drawn in by the presence of high quality of entertainment irrespective of lack of information. This according to the author is par of the human brain, which cannot be downplayed or assumed (Grabowicz, 2012). Digital media in the contemporary society according to the author could affect the print media or narrative as he calls it negatively. Such has resulted in an explosion, in conveyance and movement of information in the society. The â€Å"explosion† of information as he defines has resulted in content that is shallow as people are bent on providing raw information and data (Grabowicz, 2012). This could be attributed to the high accessibility of information and digital media, which enable people to, access various types of information that they are able to communicate with others in the society. Some view that the internet and other digital media as reductionism media that are aimed at reducing the narrative media. However, this new form of communication or media could be used as a platform for experiential and multidimensional storytelling to the audience. The new media platforms could provide people with avenues fro improving their creativity in the development of captivating stories for the audience (Grabowicz, 2012). He is of the opinion that the various forms of storytelling could be assumed and enhanced with the use of digital media. Essentially a story could be divided into the various segments, which could in turn be propagated via use of various media such as texts, video, audio, photos and graphic images. Creation of stories into the identified formats enhances accessibility of such knowledge. Accessibility comes into play in that various individuals have access to the provided formats of storage of the reading material. Hence, this is a form of giving power to the people through knowledge (Grabowicz, 2012). In addition, he emphasizes of the need to develop the stories or narratives to fit into the various needs of the audience (Grabowicz, 2012). Audience needs vary mainly due the ages of the audience. Stories should be fitted into the various media forms with the consideration of the message or information contained in a story. This is the main determinant, as different consumers are looking for different content and information in the narratives. In conclusion, media has undergone transformations majority of which could be attributed to technological advancements. Other aspects, such as globalization and modernization, have played a significant role in the growth and changes, in modernization. Reference Grabowicz, P. (8th September 2012). â€Å"Multimedia Storytelling† The Transition to Digital Journalism. Postman, N. (1985). Amusing ourselves to death: Public discourse in the age of show business. New York: Viking Quayle, M. (2009). â€Å"The Method of the Medium is in Motion† Across the Legacies of Hope and meaning Conference. New York: Fordham University.

Dashman case Essays

Dashman case Essays Dashman case Essay Dashman case Essay Desman Company was making many types of equipment for Armed force of US. They had 20 different plant situated In the central part of the country. All 20 plant were following their own purchasing procedures, central management never completely co-ordinate these procedures and they were encouraging these procedures. In late 1940, company faced difficulty in procurement of raw materials, so Mr.. Manson, President of the company appointed Mr.. Post as the Vice President of purchases. Lot of freedom was given to Mr.. Post and Mr.. Larson was assigned as assistant of Mr.. Post. Mr.. Larson has worked in many departments of the company for many years and knew most of the plant executives personally. Mr.. Post decided that he would ask plant executives who were handling purchases in their individual plants to clear with head office all the purchases contracts exceeding 10000$. When he proposed the plan to Mr.. Manson and board of directors they agreed to it and then later on he draft a later considering this facts in later and situation to all Purchase Executive. He sent a later to all the purchasing executive eating to report the central unit before purchasing Inventory costing more than $10000. On which he got a reply from many of them. Which mostly stated that they agree to what he has said and they will think on it. This showed that there reply was very lineman and they didnt care for his order and they did not take this as an order. Problem Statement: Consequences faced because of highly decentralized system in the company. Situation Analysis: The case under study Is based In a post-independence(near 1960) scenario. The mall focus of the government is to boost the economic development throughout the action. In such situation the government of Bombay Province has come with a plan, to build earthen dams on rivers Lookout and Stomata, in order to increase the agricultural yield of the area(Exhibit-1). The government announced the plan to people of the area. This plan had a plenty for people in economic terms but It was against their sentiments. This plan besides affecting their houses was affecting the Beneath Temple. This temple being of utmost importance to villagers made them angry. Thus, irrespective of its various benefits plan faced a great opposition from lagers. There were several problems faced by this plan such as: PROBLEMS Firstly, it was suspicious belief of villagers towards the government. This plan would be affecting their livelihoods. They were not sure about their re-settlement plans. The land they were living Is very much ferule and moreover they are emotionally connected to it. They were not sure about the productivity and profitability of the land theyll receive in compensation. Secondly, it was a fight between economical development and sentiments of people. The plan with any proposal whether reports-A(Exhibit-2) or proposal-B(Exhibit-3) will increase the agricultural production, thus boosting economic development. While plan with any proposal villagers. Thirdly, location of Beneath Temple. The location of temple has a great historical and religious value attached to it. It is believed that this land has connection to Boring Irish , who holds great importance in heart of villagers. Thus, government can shift the temple but cant do the same with the importance of the land. This step would also affect the tourism by affecting the annual fair at the temple. This in return would harm the

How To Do Remarkable Customer Research With Rand Fishkin

How To Do Remarkable Customer Research With Rand Fishkin Where do your customers hang out? What kinds of things do they like? What publications do they read? Customer research involves a lot of leg work, so does this information even matter? How can you leverage such insight for SEO? Today, we’re talking to Rand Fishkin, founder of SparkToro and author of Lost and Founder. He is a powerhouse in the content marketing and SEO world. Some of the highlights of the show include: Background, origination, and purpose of SparkToro Reaching/Researching Audiences: Slow, frustrating, and inaccurate process Companies spend money contracting agencies for a list of top customers, blogs, podcasts, and events Bones of Audience Intelligence: 1) Identify audiences across channels; 2) Know audience density; 3) Use trustworthy and valuable metrics How to obtain, benchmark, filter, and analyze data Data Points: Which to focus on and where to get them Social Network Profiles: Report follower count and engagement Biases generate unrepresentative data influenced by SEO Significant sample sizes and diverse groups are needed for true coverage Examples of missing specific audiences SparkToro lets you find people who practice specific fields Does current audience intelligence data represent the market as a whole? Improve SEO by helping audience accomplish tasks, and identifying and broadening link sources Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By AMP081: How To Do Remarkable Customer Research With Rand Fishkin From SparkToro 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Links: Rand Fishkin on Twitter SparkToro Lost and Founder Project Event Safe Moz SurveyMonkey Audience Nate Silver SimilarWeb Pro AMP on iTunes leave a review and send screenshot to podcast@.com If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Rand: â€Å"If you’re looking at a social network profile, don’t just report on follower count, go look at the last 20 or 50 postsreport on how much engagement did each of those get.† â€Å"Go out there, build a company, make mistakes, just don’t make exactly the same ones I did.† â€Å"You get biased by your existing understanding of the field.†

Business decision making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business decision making - Essay Example and other external factors such as availability of suppliers are also necessary to be considered that would help an entrepreneur in successfully establishing a flower shop in the city (Fairfax Media, 2015). Sufficient workforce should be available in the particular area that would help in conducting the business in an effective manner. Moreover, there are factors that include effective promotional activities and good customer support are recognized to be vital for attracting the customers towards the flower shop, which will be beneficial in creating customer loyalty, which in turn will assist towards long term sustainability of the flower shop. There are various flower shops in the UK operating successfully and an increased demand has been observed in the market segments of Coventry city. In this respect, the growing demand for flowers in the country is providing a great scope for the entrepreneurs to establish flower shops in order to suffice the demand of the people (Warwickshire O bservatory, 2015). Feasibility report is generally used for evaluating the probability of the success of a particular project or business that is being planned to be launched in the future. It is therefore, the result of detailed analysis of a proposed project, business or idea for determining whether establishing such venture would be successful or not. A feasibility report also examines the readiness of an organization for ensuring that internal capabilities are capable enough to commence a new project or business. In case, if an organization or an individual is not capable of carrying out the new business planning, a contingency plan is being provided in the feasibility report that would help to overcome the adverse situation. Contextually, in this study, the feasibility report would help the flower shop owner to obtain a detailed outlook about the environment and the rate of success if the flower shop is established in Coventry city, UK. The report would be serving as an important

Abnormal Earnings and Economic Value Added Research Proposal - 1

Abnormal Earnings and Economic Value Added - Research Proposal Example When a company reports lower earnings in its financial statements than investor-anticipated earnings, it can induce the stock prices to drop significantly. Whereas in case if a company reports more earnings than anticipated by the investors, it boosts up the company's stock prices. This motivates the managers to report discretionary results or earnings so as to live up to the expectations of the shareholders and investors leading to earnings manipulation. The companies report abnormal earnings that misrepresent their financial position and to artificially evaluate the stock. Another metric used to gauge a company's performance and position is known as Economic value added that compares earnings with the cost of capital. Stewart (1991) has presented several arguments that go in favor of using economic value added concept for valuation purpose. The major reason behind using the economic value added as a basis for stock valuation is to analyze the worth a company returns to its shareholders as a reward for their risk and investment. Stewart (1991) shows that the economic value added is calculated by subtracting the cost of capital from the after-tax profit of a company. ... plies that a company should be able to drive that many returns to the shareholders, as they would otherwise get out of another investment opportunity. If the company fails to provide that value, it implies that it actually incurring the loss and is unable to provide sufficient returns to the shareholders. Therefore, it can be said that the ability of a company to procure returns for its shareholders greater than the capital costs can eventually increase or decrease its value. The studies conducted by researchers Stewart (1991), and Lehn and Makhija (1996) prove that economic value added concept bears a strong relationship with company's stock and therefore, has a great capability to influence its stock value. It is, however, to be noted that Topkis (1996) shows that economic value added could only be used as a basis for valuation of a company's future share price and cash flow expectations, but it can not be used to value current stock prices. .

EXPERIENCE FROM MEMORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EXPERIENCE FROM MEMORY - Essay Example Naturally, I am not a good artist-I am poor in drawing and things to do with painting. This explains why when notices were pinned all over the school notifying the students that a drawing competition was due and that the best candidate would win a prize, I was sure I would just do it for purposes of fulfilling the requirement of the notice but not pitching myself for the top candidate in the event. Therefore, my resolution was real and was based on the simple fact that, in our class was the best artist in the entire schools, and even one of the administration offices bore the portrait of the principal-courtesy of his handwork. It was thus unwise to imagine outsmarting such a person in competition he is much talented on that I was. Everybody was given two weeks to submit a completed portrait of the minister for Education through artistic drawing. It brought much hype I school with most of the normal school programs interrupted- during games and other activities; student would absconded such and attend to their portrait drawing. I gave up long ago and decided to do it last minute because there was going to be no difference. After one week, I took a different thought, I said to myself, why I cannot just do my best in this exercise so that I know where I rightly belong. I went to the library, took some of the basis drawing books read a few ideas on drawing like how to bring contrast, overlap and creation of desired impressions in drawing. From the basic knowledge, I went and downloaded one of the minister’s pictures in his joyful moments and started my work. I did my work in stages while keeping the deadline time, on the final day I was ready to deliver my drawing since I only had to fix the frame. Every other person did their best hoping to emerge the best, but with our guru friend I the picture I think all of us were after position two, unfortunately you count know this

Analysing your diet using diet plan 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysing your diet using diet plan 6 - Essay Example Other than macronutrients, vitamins have different functions to play in a human body. Vitamins referred to as micronutrients. These include Vitamin C, D, E, B6, B12 etc. Each micronutrient plays respective role in the correct functioning of biological systems. The fact remains that the nutrients, both micro and macro, are absorbed in the body and then transported to the destinations where they are suited for best workability. The absorption of micronutrients takes a number of hours. As soon as the absorption takes place, it can be well noted that these nutrients are transferred into blood vessels. There is always a stored amount of nutrients in human body which would make sure that they are recovered during the days when the amount of nutrient (specific) is less. Also, micronutrients are basically water soluble which means that the transfer of these nutrients to other organs would be helping human body to reduce deficiency in a lesser duration. Method: See Handout Results: Following the stated method, a number of findings were noted regarding the intake of food providing certain rate of energy in the body. The results can be visibly understandable if they are compared with he standardized results of intake i.e. Reference Nutrients Intake (RNI). For instance, by careful dietary analysis, it comes to understanding that energy intake rate must be 2217 Kcal whereas the intake taken by me in a day that compared to the energy standard of RNI was 1271 Kcal. Here, it can be noted that I need to work on this standard as I am having a deficiency of energy. In addition, carbohydrate (g) measure as per the analysis notes to be 336.8 while the intake measurement was 80.8g. This denotes that the amount of carbohydrates being taken by me in a day is lesser than the standard measurement point. Proteins can be considered as the nutrients which I have marked overly different intake measure than the expected one. This is visible from the measurements both standard and my per day consumption (Goestenkors & Day, 2011). The rate of proteins that I undertook in a day is noted be 101.8g while the standard is 45.0g. Similarly, the intake of Fat as marked in the software is 61.9g while standard rate 86.2g. Followed by the rate of Fat intake is the measurement of calcium as per RNI should be 700mg while the intake by me in a day was found out to be 338mg. Furthermore, the measurement of vitamin c was marked as 61 whereas usual intake as per RNI should be 40mg. Nutrients Unit Intake Per day R.N.I Per 100g Energy Kcal 1271 1271 2217 74 Fat g 61.9 61.9 86.2 3.6 Protein g 101.8 101.8 45.0 5.9 Carbohydrates g 80.8 80.8 336.3 4.7 Vitamin C 61 61 40 4 Calcium Ca 388 388 700 23 Table 1: The RNI measures and Daily intake measures Discussion The evaluation that was undertaken in this exercise helped me understand the fact that there are a number of shortcomings that can be noted in my daily routine intake (Hesli & Mills, 1999). The above results have marked it quiet evidentl y that there are some of the nutrients that are relatively lesser in my daily routine. This gives a clear idea that I need to work on the ways which can reduce the deficiency (Amend, et al., 2006). The areas where I have lacked a great deal are merely carbohydrates and energy. In order to make sure that I am coping with the measurement of carbohydrates, I would be eating food that is rich in carbohydrates bananas, brown rice etc (Meleis, 2011). There can be a portion of this food that I can take in a day to make sure that

Issue reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issue reaction Paper - Essay Example In this case, it is evident that terrorism is responsible for economic losses, loss of life, and the failure to achieve world peace with terrorism instrumental in ensuring that the basic freedoms of people are not effectively achieved. Despite the issues raised by Mathew being important and requiring urgent attention, this essay posits that terrorism is the greatest threat not only in America, but in the world over. The September 11 attacks highlighted the identification of terrorism as the greatest threat in America. As a result, discourse was shaped around terrorism and other issues largely took a backstage with the department of defense remaining one of the most funded departments in the country in order to protect the America, its citizens, and its interests.2Nonetheless, Mathew indicates that the largest challenge, and threat, that the country faces is not terrorism, but it is with issues related to the health issues such as medical insurance, underage drinking, cancer, and inef fective gun control.3 It is evident that Mathew has a point on the importance of addressing these issues. Using the issue of gun control as an illustration, there has been a great concern in the country following various incidents of mass shootings that highlight the importance of strict rules that prevent shooting incidents in school and other places. To highlight the importance of tight rules in gun control, a man opened fire in Connecticut’s Sandy Hook Elementary School and killed about 27 people last year with 18 of these people being school children.4It is important to point out that this is one incident, among many other incidents, which highlight the importance of gun control in the country. Based on this evidence, it is crucial to point out that this issue remains a threat to America although it is not as a bigger threat than the threat posed by terrorism. Unlike incidents of gun use, terrorism incidents can cause great havoc not only to the current generation, but al so to future generations. Hence, I do not agree with the statement â€Å"Terrorism is not the Greatest Threat† since the threat posed by terrorism is much more than the threat posed by these other issues that Mathew highlighted. Terrorism is responsible for creating fear in the society, which contributes to low productivity in people since they live in constant fear. In a study conducted after the 9/11 attacks, a majority of people living in major cities were afraid when going to work since they did not know when terrorists would strike next.5Other than creating fear among the citizens of America and the world over, the economic losses resulting from terrorism are enormous. In this case, it is evident that terror activities bring enormous losses that affect the country’s economy. Alone, the 9/11 attacks contributed to a $3.3 trillion loss in the economy as pointed out by experts with these losses arising from the toll and physical damage, impact on the economy, and the cost of engaging in war in order to stop future attacks.6 From the foregoing, it is evident that there are other issues that are a threat to Americans. In this case, issues related to factors such as gun control, medical insurance, cancer, and many others are a threat to America. Importantly, these issues led to Mathew’

Discuss Gospel of Mark Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discuss Gospel of Mark - Assignment Example In Mark 15 v 32 his enemies ironically refer to him as ‘Christ , this king of Israel.’ In 10 v 17 he is described as ‘Good Teacher’ by someone who wants to ask him questions. 2.How does Jesus identify himself? What titles/names does he use in relation to himself? Under questioning from Pilate Jesus answers to the title ‘King of the Jews’ , but Pilate was referring to an earthly kingdom and Christ to a heavenly one. In Mark 10 v 33 he is describing himself when he says ‘The Son of Man’. The phrase come from Enoch 46 where ‘the ancient of days’ is also described as ‘the Son of man’. 3.Write a brief â€Å"character sketch† (word picture) of Jesus as he is presented in the Gospel of Mark. Mark describes Jesus as a man of action anointed by God. ( Mark 1 v 11) Words such he might send them out to preach and to have authority to drive out demons.’ ( Mark 3 v 14, 15.) They are also described as being ordinary, imperfect people -James and John the Sons of Thunder i.e. quick to anger’ and ‘Judas Iscariot , who betrayed him. The gospel, begins with the baptism by John i.e. the time when Jesus was clearly stated to be God’s beloved son who pleased him ( Mark 1 v 11). This is different from the other evangelists. John begins before time ‘In the beginning was the Word.’ Both Matthew and Luke begin with the time of Jesus’s birth or thereabouts. These three writers wanted readers to know who Jesus was. Mark is more concerned with what he did. Mark begins his gospel at the beginning of Jesus’ ministry. He knew God as His Father who loves him and anoints him with the Spirit. - Mark 1v 11. He sees himself as belonging to a family of those who obey the will of God - Mark 3 v 35. In Gethsemane ( Mark 14 v 36 he prays to God as ‘Abba’ i.e. Daddy’, but

Issue reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issue reaction Paper - Essay Example In this case, it is evident that terrorism is responsible for economic losses, loss of life, and the failure to achieve world peace with terrorism instrumental in ensuring that the basic freedoms of people are not effectively achieved. Despite the issues raised by Mathew being important and requiring urgent attention, this essay posits that terrorism is the greatest threat not only in America, but in the world over. The September 11 attacks highlighted the identification of terrorism as the greatest threat in America. As a result, discourse was shaped around terrorism and other issues largely took a backstage with the department of defense remaining one of the most funded departments in the country in order to protect the America, its citizens, and its interests.2Nonetheless, Mathew indicates that the largest challenge, and threat, that the country faces is not terrorism, but it is with issues related to the health issues such as medical insurance, underage drinking, cancer, and inef fective gun control.3 It is evident that Mathew has a point on the importance of addressing these issues. Using the issue of gun control as an illustration, there has been a great concern in the country following various incidents of mass shootings that highlight the importance of strict rules that prevent shooting incidents in school and other places. To highlight the importance of tight rules in gun control, a man opened fire in Connecticut’s Sandy Hook Elementary School and killed about 27 people last year with 18 of these people being school children.4It is important to point out that this is one incident, among many other incidents, which highlight the importance of gun control in the country. Based on this evidence, it is crucial to point out that this issue remains a threat to America although it is not as a bigger threat than the threat posed by terrorism. Unlike incidents of gun use, terrorism incidents can cause great havoc not only to the current generation, but al so to future generations. Hence, I do not agree with the statement â€Å"Terrorism is not the Greatest Threat† since the threat posed by terrorism is much more than the threat posed by these other issues that Mathew highlighted. Terrorism is responsible for creating fear in the society, which contributes to low productivity in people since they live in constant fear. In a study conducted after the 9/11 attacks, a majority of people living in major cities were afraid when going to work since they did not know when terrorists would strike next.5Other than creating fear among the citizens of America and the world over, the economic losses resulting from terrorism are enormous. In this case, it is evident that terror activities bring enormous losses that affect the country’s economy. Alone, the 9/11 attacks contributed to a $3.3 trillion loss in the economy as pointed out by experts with these losses arising from the toll and physical damage, impact on the economy, and the cost of engaging in war in order to stop future attacks.6 From the foregoing, it is evident that there are other issues that are a threat to Americans. In this case, issues related to factors such as gun control, medical insurance, cancer, and many others are a threat to America. Importantly, these issues led to Mathew’

Buseness plan( Gym with nursery ) in Saudi Arabia to met mother needs Essay

Buseness plan( Gym with nursery ) in Saudi Arabia to met mother needs - Essay Example With nothing to do, most of them are encouraged to live sedentary lives. Most women have weight issues after they have a baby. For Saudi women losing weight has been a problem because there are not many designated gyms for women. The few that are there do not provide child care for their clients. The establishment of gyms has been a long way coming. The strict rules against gender interaction at work places has made it difficult for investors to set up gyms given that women are not allowed to leave the home without permission or un accompanied by a male relative. Gym Halima intends to fill this gap and offer a place where women can work out and at the same time have their children taught and taken care of. This will enable them work out without any worries of going to pick their children from school and concentrate on their workout. Sedentary lifestyles have led to an all-time high number of lifestyle diseases. People are beginning to live a healthy lifestyle and workout and fitness is part of this healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle does not only involve being conscious about what you eat, it also involves a conscious decision to live an active life. Traditional stringent laws of Saudi Arabia have kept women out of the gym. Women are only allowed to exercise in aprivate place which are mostly frequented by men whom they are not supposed to be mingle with in such places. When the idea of female gyms came to Saudi Arabia, it was welcome by most women. However the prices charged by these gyms way too high and most women could not afford them. To date, the prices of these gyms are still too high for most women. Halima’s gym brings quality and affordability to the market of female gyms. With qualified instructors who have worked in the industry for over five years, Halima’s gym is poised to be a leader in female fitness inSaudi Arabia.The nursery that the gym intends to add to its service offeringgives it an added advantage over it competitors. The

Multilateral Approach to Climate Change

Multilateral Approach to Climate Change MULTILATERALISM CLIMATE CHANGE What will it take for the US to embrace a multilateral approach to confront climate change? In your answer, please consider: Overall US attitudes toward multilateralism and global governance What terms for a successor agreement to the Kyoto Protocol might the US find acceptable? According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (n.d.) (UNFCCC), climate change is a complex problem. It touches all aspects of our lives, be it environmental or our very purpose in this world. We need to educate one another on the impacts of climate change globally. The centre of this environmental issue as agreed by everyone is the need to reduce emissions. In 2010, the countries in the UNFCCC had reached a consensus that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be reduced and managed in such a way that global temperature does not see any hike by more than 2 degrees Celsius. It is clear that global warming is a serious issue. The American public and the rest of the world saw Al Gore’s ‘An Inconvenient Truth’. So why did the US fail to legislate a policy on climate change? According to Skjaerseth, Bang Schreurs, (2013), there are three possible explanations on this matter, namely, differences in agenda-setting privileges, potential for issue linkages and law-making procedures and formal leadership. Agenda-setting privileges refer to the setup of lawmakers in the US. The lawmakers have to tip the balance between promoting an agenda for greater good in the interest of the constituencies and getting a re-election. Issue linkages essentially involve a joint negotiation of two or more issues where it is believed that linkages can improve the chance of an agreement. Lastly, the law-making procedures, these are the political institution settings. The American setting is such that the bill sponsors or the leaders who champion the policy propo sal have to trade off rules, procedures and norms in the legislature with the home state economics, in order to arrive at a winning coalition. The US Senate is represented by states which have different interests individually. For instance, coal, agricultural and manufacturing states are commonly against carbon pricing as it adds to their production costs. One may tempt to accuse the US as pure selfish for not acting in concerted effort to stem global warming. The US is the world’s largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter and yet it refused to join the multilateral effort of the Kyoto Protocol (KP). 191 countries and the European Union signed the KP cooperation to curtail the average global temperature hikes and the consequential change in global climate. The developed member countries of the KP are legally bound to achieve a target in emission reduction in the KP’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. In December 2012, the Doha Amendment to the KP was adopted which launched a second commitment period, starting on 1 January 2013 until 2020. KP was governed by the UNFCCC, see UNFCCC (1997). Because of the higher level of GHG emissions are caused by the developed countries, the KP is therefore binding on these countries to achieve those set target. The developed countries have contributed to more GHGs in the atmosphere since they have gone through more than 150 years of industrialisation, hence the heavier burden. Why was the US unable to embrace multilateralism? Multilateralism can be defined as the practice of coordinating national policies in groups of three or more states, through ad-hoc arrangements or by means of institutions (Keohane, 1990). Since the commencement of the KP, the European Union (EU) has been successful in legislating KP in its member states. According to Skjaerseth, Bang Schreurs, (2013), the EU, in December 2008, has passed a comprehensive legislation on the 20-20-20 targets. They called for a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emission, a 20% increase in the share of renewable energies in overall energy consumption and a 20% cut in primary energy consumption. So why didn’t the United States become a party to the KP? US President Bill Clinton signed the 1997 KP but never submitted it for Senate consideration. This example of a failure by the US to ratify an environmental treaty is not exceptional. The US Department of State (n.d.)’s website reported of many major multilateral environmental agreements that had failed to achieve ratification from the Senate. According to Hovi et.al. (2010), the way the KP was designed, it stood no chance of getting any ratification from US Senate. In 1997, five months before the KP meeting, the Senate passed the Byrd–Hagel resolution (Byrd–Hagel). In 2001, President Bush echoed the sentiments of Byrd–Hagel: ‘I oppose the Kyoto Protocol because it exempts 80% of the world, including major population centers such as China and India, from compliance, and would cause serious harm to the US economy. What would it take for the US to have a hand in the global governance of climate change? It has after all made itself the world’s policeman in some war-torn areas. It had negotiated responses to problems that affect more than one country. So clearly, the US has no qualm in embracing global governance then. Now, what would it take for the US to change its mind on joining KP in its second commitment period? Will it enter the fray if developing countries like China and India sign up? Or does it take an international embargo on these major GHGs to reduce their carbon footprints? Hovi Skodvin (2008) concludes that any efforts to seek the US to sign up with the successor of the KP are likely to fail. One main reason is that the US cannot be threatened to sign on any trade or technology cooperation as the threat would just be unbelievable. A common approach by the U.S. is â€Å"to act first at home and then to build on it at a global level†, see Purvis (2004). So instead of facing the divided government and upcoming elections, the US lawmakers can focus on its own internal environmental regime. This federal climate policy can mimic the KP’s requirement that is to reduce the GHG emissions to 7% below 1990. Successful policies were implemented nationwide on the renewable energy. While others agreed on cap-and-trade system aimed at reducing carbon dioxide emission from power plants. This way, perhaps the American public would be more inclined to push for the US’ role in international level. The key to the success of the implementation of the KP lies on its effective compliance commitment by the member countries. Therefore the world leaders have to come together and decide if confronting the issue of global warming is indeed a priority. If they are worried about the loss of economic bargaining chips, the same can be said about the potential from creating renewable energy sources and making them available to the world. So KP is an excellent platform for the world communities to embark on this green mission to preserve planet earth. References: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. (n.d.). Background on the UNFCCC: The international response to climate change. Retrieved from: http://unfccc.int/essential_background/items/6031.php Skjaerseth J.B., Bang G Schreurs M.A. (2013). Explaining Growing Climate Policy Differences Between European Union and the United States. Global Environmental Politics Vol. 13, No.4. p. 61-80. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. (1997). Kyoto Protocol. Retrieved from: http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php Keohane, R.O. (1990). Multilateralism: an agenda for research. International Journal Vol. 45, No. 4. p. 731-764.http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=sageltd Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/40202705?uid=3738672uid=2129uid=2uid=70uid=4sid=21103954165271 US Department of State. (n.d.) Treaties Pending in the Senate (updated as of May 7, 2014). Retrieved from: www.state.gov/s/l/treaty/pending/index.htm Hovi, J, Sprinz, D.F. and Bang, G. (2010). Why the United States did not become a party to the Kyoto Protocol: German, Norwegian, and US perspectives. European Journal of International Relations. DOI: 10.1177/1354066110380964 Hovi, J Skodvin, T. (2008). Which Way to U.S. Climate Cooperation? Issue Linkage versus a U.S.-Based Agreement. Review of Policy Research. Volume 25, Issue 2, p. 129–148. Purvis, N. (2004). The perspective of the United States on climate change and the Kyoto Protocol. International Review for Environmental Strategies 5(1). P. 169–178.

Ca Twiste a Popenguine :: essays research papers

Ca Twiste a Popenguine It was hard to find symbolism in this film since their culture was very colonialized. It seemed as though the culture was so European/American that the culture was gone. Even though it was hard, I was still able to find some cultural symbolisms. The different groups of friends were completely different from each other. There was the group that wanted to be popular and get all the girls with a party, and there was a group that had all the music records that the other needed. That was the group that was trying to make money as well. Both parties also wanted girls. The fact that these two groups had seemingly presented themselves as gangs shows how much they wanted to be apart from each other. The gangs symbolized the separatism of the youth. The catch to their separateness is that they really needed one another to get what they wanted. The one group needed music and the other group needed money. They ended up making a deal with each other, which was conspired by Bacc. The fact that they were able to come together like that symbolized that they really should be together. Both of the groups had one very main thing in common. They both wanted girls. It seemed as though the girls in this film symbolized power. Girls made them feel better about themselves. Girls made them powerful. Another sign of symbolism in this film was the pictures. It seemed as though the pictures inspired these people. They wanted to be just like the people in the pictures. The pictures symbolized the colonizer. The only colonizer in this film was the

Choosing to Be Happy Essay example -- Sociology

â€Å"Choose to be happy.† This is what mom has always said, since a very young age and still to this day she tells everyone. For so long, it was just â€Å"mom talk†, those things your mother says that is supposed to make you stop and think. Yet, being too young, dumb and full of it, to really understand what she means. Curiosity emerges and suddenly there is a need to understand what it really means to be happy, what constitutes Happiness? So follow up with some research, entering the bookstore, gliding in and out of the rows and rows in the self-help sections are others, asking the same question. What is happiness? Where does it come from, are we born with it or do we make it happen? Happiness is but a belief, an idea, a theory; but theories, beliefs, and ideas have the possibility of being wrong. Can someone learn and choose to be happy? In this paradox it is hopeful to find some close truths about happiness and what is the need for this emotion. With our individ ual characteristics, patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting are we already born to be either happy or sad? What are the basic perspectives of the psychoanalytic and Humanistic nature for the people who make up this world who are always happy? Since the time of Aristotle his â€Å"telos†, or the end goal, was the same for all people, happiness. In Aristotle’s world, there are strongly knit groups where no strong distinction exists between public and private life. Everyone shares the same goals and values, so the pursuit of happiness is a cooperative initiative. That may have been the case back then, but in this day and time, not so much. Finding happiness and even defining happiness varies from person to person, between cultures and generations. Why not start with one of the gr... ...s can be figuratively compared with jargon, the light at the end of the tunnel and the â€Å"silver lining behind the dark cloud†. These are expressions of the optimistic outlook of happiness, they represent hope of a better and brighter future even in the midst of what could be termed as a bad day or the worst day of their life. Works Cited Engler, B. (2009). Personality Theories, An Introduction. Belmont: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Geoffrey Nunberg, P. (1993). The American Heritage Dictionary. New York: Houghton Mifflin. Merriam-Webster. (2003). Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. Boston: Merriam-Webster. Ostwald, M. (1999). Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Soukhanov, A. (2012, April 28). Encarta Dictionary. Retrieved April 23, 2011, from Encarta Dictionary:English(North America): http://www.encarta.com/dictionary

Dr. Seuss “The Cat in the Hat”, Order vs. Chaos

Order and Chaos If you wanted to understand order vs. chaos better, one might look into the world renowned books of Dr. Seuss. His literature is not only clever and fun to read, but it also holds a lot of messages if you look deep enough. Reading one of his famous books, The Cat in the Hat, you can depict the Order vs. Chaos by looking at the Cat (Chaos) and the Goldfish (Order). The Cat at one point balances a teacup, some milk, a cake, three books, the Fish, a rake, a toy boat, and even his umbrella while he’s on top of a ball just to upset the Goldfish. The cat can be referred to as overwhelming Chaos who is despised by Order. The fish, though, is too paranoid and uptight while not paying attention to the fun in life. The fish is referred to as overwhelming Order. Now what’s the balance? Well, the kids are the balance. While overwhelming Chaos is trying to entertain them and persuade them to take part in his activities and overwhelming Order is trying to straighten them up as strict as possible, the kids do neither.The kids listen to both ideas, though, but do not take part in either. I feel Dr. Seuss showed his true creativity by symbolizing how too much Chaos or too much Order can become overwhelming and dominate someone’s life in a bad way and showing that a balance between both can be a healthy way to live. Works Cited The Cat in the Hat. Dir. Bo Welch, 8 November 2003. Perf. Michael Myers, Dakota Fanning, Spencer Breslin, and Alec Baldwin. DVD.

Perfect Wife

Jose L. Alvarado English 61 K, Dahi June 22, 2009 The Perfect Wife My wife would have to take care of the children when I’m not around. I don’t have children right now, but I’m planning on having two kids. That’s why I would want that characteristic on my wife. Being faithful to your partner is a major role on a relationship especially if you’re planning on marring him or her. Not cheating on your wife or husband is going to bring trust to one another. Another characteristic I want my wife to have is a good sense of humor. Someone I could share jokes with and will laugh along with me instead of at me. People say laughter is the best thing in life and I agree. A relationship without laughter would be boring and pointless. Now the most important characteristic I want on my wife would be for her to be well educated and attractive. I want a wife I could hold a good conversation about the most random thing and for it to be interesting or at least for her to be smarter than me. Being attractive is very important to me because I have noticed that attractive people seem to be more successful in life, they’re the ones that get promotions or invitations to the bosses house for dinner. Those are some of the characteristics I would want on my wife. Some of the characteristics I believe my wife would want from me would be to get along with her family and relatives. She would want this because families stick together and since I’m going to be part of the family I would have to get along with them. Probably the most important characteristic my wife would want from me would be to be reasonable with the work that needs to be done around the house. Do everything in a 5050 basis. My wife wouldn’t like to be the only one that has to mop, wash dishes, dust off the cabinets and clean the restroom. We would have to share those chores. My wife would also want to have the same religious beliefs, because I know how much a girl cares about getting married by the church with a white dress. The girls plan the weeding even before they’re engage. I know for a fact my wife is going to want me to be economically stable. She would want this because in case of an emergency I would have to come out and pay the bills. The characteristics both my wife and I would have in common would be for us to be gentlemen or lady in the streets, but a freak in the sheets. I think matrimony in order to work there must be chemistry in bed. I find it hard to believe that some people wait till they are married to have sex due to their religion. Another characteristic we would have in common would be the foods we eat. My wife or I wouldn’t like to cook two totally different plates everyday for the rest of our lives. The same taste of music would be one characteristic because how would we be able to dance to music we don’t like. It would be like living a lie. Overall I think looks, personality and money will make a wife or husband likeable. Those would be the top three characteristics a man or woman looks for in a partner. Like I said before no one in this world is perfect, so for them guys and girls waiting for the perfect spouse all I got to say is good luck.

Efficient Pricing of Geomarketing Internet Services Essay

Abstract Geomarketing information is information which enables the user to take better and faster decisions about marketing and sales activities. The main source of information are geographic, demographic, and statistic data. These data are usually collected and maintained by several institutions and come in a variety of forms and formats. The final integrators acquire datasets, sort, filter and organize them, and offer in advance defined analyses. In this paper we focus on geomarketing services offered on the Internet where usually no physical good is exchanged. The subject of trade is geomarketing information the user is able to extract from the datasets. The main issue is how to set a Pareto efficient price for geomarketing information. The situation is Pareto efficient when the sum of user’s and service provider’s surplus is maximized. We investigate nonlinear pricing strategies and their efficiency to serve mass markets and attract users with different willingness to pay. Nonlinear pricing is used in a broader sense to include the practice of selling the same information product on various vertical markets at prices that are not in proportion to the differences in marginal cost. The market research for the GISMO project (Krek et al. 2000) showed that the US market differs substantially from the European. It has characteristics of a commodity market, where providers offer very similar or equal products at similar prices. This is feasible only if the prices for raw datasets, which represent the main barrier to enter the market, are low or zero. Competition among service providers drives prices down and enables them to successfully serve a mass market. The European approach is mostly determined by the high prices of datasets and restrictions on the copyright forced by the National Mapping Agencies. This prevents further production and creation of information products and serves only a narrow group of users with high willingness to pay. We list the most i mportant conditions for Pareto efficient nonlinear pricing of geoinformation services. 1 Introduction Price is a very important element of trade. It can only be discussed in relation to what is offered, how much value the potential user attaches to the product and how much he is willing to pay for it. A geomarketing service in this paper serves as an example for a geoinformation service in general where a Geoinformation product is traded. A Geoinformation product is defined as a specific piece of geoinformation which provides an answer to a particular user’s question. The provider of a geoinformation service has to select the medium of delivery and the price for the service. We concentrate on geomarketing services provided online through the Internet. The service is mostly done automatically, and not by a human. Usually no physical good is exchanged. Gathering information about the product, placing the order, and payment is done over electronic network. In the sections 5 and 6 we analyze different pricing strategies for geographic information and their Pareto efficiency. The s ituation is called to be Pareto efficient when the user’s and service provider’s surplus is maximized. We review marginal cost and nonlinear pricing and explain in which cases they conform to the Pareto efficiency. Setting a price equal to marginal cost is not economically viable since such a price does not cover fixed cost. Some examples of nonlinear pricing, such as quantity discounts, term-volume commitments, and list of price options satisfy the Pareto efficiency requirement if certain conditions are satisfied. We conclude with the list of the most important conditions for the Pareto efficient pricing of geomarketing service. They can be applied to geoinformation services in general. 2 Geomarketing Services A geomarketing service is a service of providing geomarketing information to the user. Geomarketing information is information which enables the user to take better and faster decisions about marketing and sales activities. This information can be delivered to the user in a different form, format and through different media. Geomarketing information is gathered from internal company’s data, which are combined with external demographic, statistic and geographic data. A geoinformation that satisfies a particular information need in a specific decision making situation is called a Geoinformation product. 2.1 Geomarketing Data Geomarketing data consists of internal company’s data and external data. Internal data (the rate of sale, current customers profiles, etc.) is collected and maintained by the company itself. External data comes in a variety of formats and forms, as a collection of numbers, reports, maps, etc., and is gathered by different institutions. Demographic and statistic data is collected and maintained by Statistical Offices and aggregated to a certain extent. Geographic data is provided in Europe mostly by National Mapping Agencies, in USA by the US Geological Survey (USGS). Because of this broad variety of data, their structure, content and formats, they cannot be easily integrated and are not straightforward usable by a non-technical user. 2.2. Geomarketing Information: a Product The source of geomarketing information is geomarketing data. Specialized companies collect the data from different sources, combine them, sort and filter them. For example, the statistical and demographic data have spatial dimension, which is usually given by the street name and house number. This data has to be geocoded in order to link the attributes (purchasing power, age, educational structure, etc.) with geographic data. The providers identify dimensions of data that are valuable for a certain group of users, package them and offer them as a Geoinformation product. A Geoinformation product is a specific piece of geoinformation which provides an answer to a particular user’s question. The answer to the question can come in many different forms; as a selected dataset, combination of datasets, a report, a map, etc. To make the geomarketing service feasible, some in advance designed steps and analyses are offered to the user. The most common are customer profile, site selection, and market penetration. 3 Internet as a Medium of Delivery The Internet changes the way transactions are done. User and seller can enter an electronic relationship without personal contact. The buyer can place an order any time (from the seat at home, late in the evening) and can take as much time as he wants or needs to take the decision about the purchase. Searching for the right product over e-network, he can get comparable information about similar products from other companies, their characteristics and prices. Cooperation with potential and current users of geoinformation services is important. In the Internet world, the gap between service-consumers and services-providers blurs. â€Å"Consumers become involved in the actual production process, their ideas, knowledge, information become part of the product specification process† (Tapscott 1996). In a geomarketing service, usually no physical good is exchanged. The user gets o the result of nly the analysis, the answer to his question. Even more advanced geomarketing services offer the possibility of uploading the data of the user on the provider’s server and combining these data with the collection of the data on the server. A service offered via Internet involves less administration, paper work, and less human resources, which reduces transaction costs. Direct connection to the computer accounting system can provide systematic and efficient registration of the transactions. Security and protection mechanisms enable the service provider to follow and control transactions. Selecting a proper pricing policy in order to attract widespread use of the service is of great importance. In the next sections, we review marginal cost and nonlinear pricing, and analyze their Pareto efficiency. 4 Pareto Efficiency The situation is Pareto efficient if there is no way to make both the user and the service provider better off. The sum of the user’s and provider’s surplus is maximized. It can be a understood lso as maximizing the difference between economic benefits and costs which appear on the user’s as well as on the provider’s side. The economic benefits are the benefits of using the product on the product has to him with his willingness to pay for the marginal unit of the product. If he expects high benefits, he will be willing to pay a high price for the product. Cost incurred on the provider side is mostly high fixed cost of designing and creating the Geoinformation product and enabling the service, and low marginal cost of providing an incremental unit of the product. The user’s cost is the price he pays for the product, the transaction cost and the cost associated with acquiring the information about the product. 5 Marginal Cost Pricing and Pareto Efficiency Marginal cost pricing is pricing where the price equals the marginal cost. The cost of an economic good is an important determinant of how much the producer will be willing to produce. The concept of â€Å"marginal† or â€Å"extra† cost is crucial for the situation on the market of economic goods. It has an important role in appraising how efficient or inefficient any particular price and production pattern is (Samuelson 1967). This observation is valuable for the standard economic good where the total cost of producing the product depends on the quantity produced. The cost structure a Geoinformation product substantially differs from the cost structure of the standard economic good. The total cost of producing the product is mostly a high fixed cost of collecting the data and designing the product, and is not recoverable if the production is halted (sunk cost). The marginal cost of producing t e second and each additional copy of the product is h very low or zero, mostly the cost of disseminating the product. The share of the marginal cost in the total cost of production is negligible. Marginal cost pricing of a Geoinformation product would according to the marginal cost pricing scheme imply very low or zero price. â€Å"Pricing at marginal cost may or may not be efficient: it depends on how the consumers’ total willingness to pay relates to the total cost of providing the good† (Varian 1999). At the first stage of the production, the datasets have low value to most users and they have low willingness to pay for them. The high cost of producing the datasets cannot be recovered. M arginal cost pricing does not imply efficiency because it does not cover the total costs of producing a Geoinformation product. 6 Nonlinear Pricing and Pareto Efficiency Pricing is nonlinear when it is not strictly proportional to the quantity purchas ed. Different prices are charged to different groups of buyers or the same product. Nonlinear pricing is also used in a f broader sense to include the practice of selling the same product on different markets at prices that are not in proportion to the differences in marginal cost. Good examples are phone rates, frequent flyer programs, and electricity (Wilson 1993). The first notion about charging different users differently for the same product was called price discrimination (Pigou 1920) and distinguished among three different forms of discrimination. 6.1 Price Discrimination Pigou (Pigou 1920) first used the term price discrimination and he described the following forms of nonlinear pricing: †¢ First-degree price discrimination The first-degree price discrimination is sometimes known as perfect price discrimination. The producer sells different units of output at different prices and these prices may differ from buyer to buyer. The buyer pays the maximum price that he is willing to pay, irrespective of the cost of production and supply. Usually it is difficult to determine what is the maximum price someone is willing to pay for the product. †¢ Second-degree price discrimination The producer sells different units of output at different prices, but every individual who buys t e h same amount of the good pays the same price. Second-degree price discrimination is much more common in practice. Good examples of this discrimination are volume discounts and coupons. †¢ Third-degree price discrimination The producer sells the output to different people at different prices, but every unit of output sold to a given person sells at the same price. Customers are divided into more groups, which have different demand curves and different price elasticity. The highest price is charged to the groups with the lowest elasticity. Examples of this discrimination are student discounts. 6.2 Two-part Tariff Two-part tariff is an example of a nonlinear pricing and consists of two parts. The first part of the tariff usually comes in the form of a membership, an annual or monthly license and is supposed to cover fixed cost. The second part of the tariff is related to the usage (number of reports transferred, number of bits, layers, etc.) and covers the incremental cost. This pricing scheme is often used in telecommunication. Users are charged for the connection to the network and additionally for the usage. Two-part tariff pricing scheme can be very naturally applied to a geomarketing service. The first part of the tariff represents a membership fee, an annual or monthly licence for access to the data, reports and maps; the second part is a n additional fee usually based on the volume transferred. Price P for a geoinformation service is then P = p0 + p v.q where p0 pv q fixed fee (annual, monthly, membership, etc.) price set for a volume transferred quantity transferred. The revenue collected from the first part of the tariff (p0 ) is supposed to cover the fixed cost of producing the first copy of the Geoinformation product. The price of u sage (pv ) should cover the incremental cost and the cost of transaction. The combination of the membership and usage constructed for the predicted demand is set so that the company’s total cost is recovered. How high the fixed fee and the price of usage s hould be is an important question. Availability of the raw data at low price will change the nature of the market. The price for both parts of the tariff (p0 and pv ) will form according to the equilibrium rules of supply and demand. 6.3 Pareto Efficiency of the Two-part Tariff Two-part tariff can disadvantage a certain segment of the users. Imagine a geomarketing service company offering geographic data over the Internet. For the simplicity of reasoning, imagine there exist two segments of users; those who use data on a regular basis and have a high willingness to pay (governmental institutions, ministries, utilities, etc.), and those who seldom need data (students, individuals, small and medium companies, etc.) and have low willingness to pay. In this case, a high fixed fee excludes the users with low willingness to pay, occasional users who need only a small volume of the data and are not willing to pay an annual membership fee or a license. The necessary condition for Pareto efficiency is not satisfied. 6.4 Quantity Discounts Quantity discounts are a form of a nonlinear price where the provider charges a lower price for a higher volume purchased. The opportunity of selling high volumes at a low price is often neglected in geoinformation business. Increased revenue from the higher volume at lower price enables the provider to improve the service and reduce prices for all users. The quantity discounts are usually designed in order to stimulate sales, but can complicate the billing and accounting system. Pareto efficiency of quantity discounts depends on the volume-price categories offered by the service provider. This pricing strategy might disadvantage users with low willingness to pay, not being able to pay nor interested in purchasing higher volumes. 6.5 Term-Volume Commitments According to this strategy the user agrees with the service provider to pay a certain amount of money for the service in advance. The payment is set according to the predicted demand for the service. This kind of agreement usually involves some discounts, because the whole payment is done at once and at the beginning of the period. Short-term contracts involve lower reduction in price than longer contracts. This strategy reduces billing and accounting cost and is often used by Internet providers. For example, â€Å"a one-year-term commitment to spend $2000/month obtains a discount of 18%â€Å" (Gong and Srinagesh 1998), for the 5 -year contracts the Internet providers use up to 60% discount. Term-volume commitments satisfy the Pareto efficiency requirement if the user can choose among different schemes and are designed indiscriminately. 6.6 List of Price Options Different pricing options can be combined and offered as a list of price options. In geomarketing services, the two-part tariff is often combined with an additional pricing option, the uniform pricing scheme. Under the uniform pricing scheme, the user pays the price (p2 ), which is proportional to the data transferred. Usually the tariff per volume purchased (p2 ) is higher in the uniform pricing scheme than the price (p1 ) proposed in the two-part tariff scheme, but the user need not pay an annual membership fee or license. The user profits if he is an occasional user, who needs a small volume of data. The sum he is willing to pay in this case is lower than the annual membership or license fee plus the cost of the data transferred.

BBA Communication 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BBA Communication 2 - Essay Example It is beautiful and it’s wonderful if it’s a product of a careful planning. Today’s life is full of opportunities, covering everyone from shoe menders to business investors. If one has some sort of skill it is easier to market them on sale, provided one knows where to and how to. However, there stands a difference between living a life and living it beautifully. Life becomes beautiful only when one could live up to see their dreams come true. Those dreams only come true if one acts to turn them into realities. I had always dream to study and practice my religion with grounds of inner beliefs considering no better profession other than this as purification of one’s soul. However, my family especially my parents had it altogether planned differently since the very beginning. Brief Background As a child, I had always been a quite friendly kid although I always had groups of kids to play with at school; I never had any one at home to share my feelings with. My mother was a drama actress; she had inculcated such profession even before marrying dad. She met dad who was one of the stage show organizer whom she later felt in love with and got married. I therefore belong to a family of showbiz people. This basically was the root cause of me and my sister’s subjects had nothing but arts in it. I watched time and noticed that my grandmother had already sign up her mom’s older sister for many extracurricular activities that she however subsequently dropped out of. As, mom became of age to sign up and was then willing to join such groups, her demands were refuse with statements by her parents, such as, â€Å"No, we don’t want to spend more funds to go wasted just the way your sister did.† My mother tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t agree. She always felt cheated for a chance to participate and an opportunity for lifetime. The consequences of this are what I today have to live up with such as pressuri ze over choosing any career but in the field of arts, music or drama. There was no freedom of choice what I wanted to do. No one ever felt the need to inquire my subject area of interest. Earlier Education – Age 4 and onwards Ever since I was a baby, I was made to listen to music and to catch the beat or copy the dance moves. There was a weekly dance contest between my sister and I, which I always used to lose. My sister used to imitate the best dancers; I would witness her pre-planning the dance routines with her friend or cousin and putting them then at family gatherings on a dance show. As was evident sooner my sister became one of leading artist of school plays. When I was finally old enough to sign up for dance and drama lessons, my mom jumped over, certain that I would love to be a part of it and perform like a star pupil due to her obvious budding talent and enthusiasm. The first class I burst into tears when the time came to go into the studio, I didn’t wanted to. The second class I braved going in but tried leaving room for a variety of reasons. Wishing that mom would sense my desire not to attain this education. But, nothing seems to work and the classes continued over a month and although I tried to show much lack of enthusiasm and interest I was still forced to join the group and participate. Parents Role –

About Jazz Music Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About Jazz Music - Research Paper Example In fact, Jazz is all set to win the hearts and minds of the music lovers located anywhere and everywhere in the world and is no more the exclusive legacy of American masses. It is really tough to trace a chronologically systematic history of Jazz music. However, it will be quiet realistic to say that Jazz evolved from a budding musical diversion to a blooming tradition at some time around the beginning of the 20th century. The dilemma of the historians and archives of Jazz music is that today there exist very few recordings of Jazz from its formative years. Even the recordings that exist fail to extend a true sound of the Jazz music of those days because of the limitations of the recording technology of that time (Ratliff 56). Considering the fact that extempore performances, which are not merely encouraged in Jazz, but in fact constitute a vital and indispensable part of this genre, were not accurately captured by the then existing recording facilities. Jazz in its early days authentically had a black heart that eventually won the interest and dedication of connoisseurs hailing from all cultures and colors. Actually, Jazz was the first native American musical form that had an impact that was not merely panned American but Global in its scope (Roots of American Music 82). The port city of New Orleans is considered to be the home of Jazz music. It is easier for the Jazz fans to understand that the development of such musical tradition undeniably needed a cosmopolitan breeding ground. Jazz was the result of the mingling of the Western classical music with the African spirituals and blues to which was added a generous smattering of the Caribbean and Latin culture. Thus it amply reveals a sophistication of the classical influences thickly loaded with the spice, verve, and energy that is conclusively African and Latin in its origins. It has the finesse of an orchestra combined to the earthiness of a brass band, which gives it its typical flavor. Such an enticing art form surely could not be kept confined to New Orleans for long. Shortly Jazz began its journey towards the north and reached Chicago, where it soon captured the loyalty of the masses and became a regular feature at the local nightclubs (Roots of American Music 82). Yet, it is the New York City that rendered Jazz with an immense mass appeal and commercial possibilities, courtesy of its booming music publishing business (Roots of American Music 82). Presently Jazz started becoming more organized and the splinter Jazz groups started sticking together to give way to big Jazz bands led by celebrated performers like Count Basic and Jellyroll Morton. This was the time when Jazz finally achieved the fame and success that was long its due. Surely the American dream is not merely confined to people and groups but has cultural and artistic ramifications. Jazz has finally arrived by the late 40s. One fact that deserves prompt attention is that Jazz was not merely urban in it s scope.  Ã‚